8
May

 

 

 

As we continue to do outreach as a staff, we’ve heard a recent uptick in comments and concerns about the norm-referencing that occurs in the Student Growth Percentiles (SGP) methodology which is at the heart of the revised Index proposal.  Recently, stakeholders – through our AAW feedback process, through WSSDA regional meetings, and most recently, through our conference call with ESD superintendents – have asked questions about why the move toward norm-referencing, instead of an alternative means of measuring student growth that sets objective standards of year-to-year growth.  After all, it seems we are less concerned with whether your growth is “above average,”; what we really care about is whether you are getting the academic growth you need to be successful — to be, in that famous phrase, “college and career-ready” by the time you exit high school. Continue reading »

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10
April

Dear colleagues:

As the legislature considers significant new investments in K-12 education, we need to ensure that these investments result in improved outcomes for children. One certain way to achieve this is by strengthening high school graduation requirements.

Our school system should prepare students for the next step in life, whether it’s additional education and training, or direct entry into the workforce. Too often, however, students leave the K-12 system without the knowledge and skills they need to take the next step towards gainful employment. And too often, our minority students are left behind disproportionately. Continue reading »

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3
April

 

1993 ushered in the birth of the World Wide Web at CERN, Beanie Babies, and the passage of Washington’s Education Reform Act. A lot has changed in education over the last 20 years. Our students are more diverse, and our educators are tasked with implementing multiple rigorous pathways for them to be successful in a quickly changing and increasingly demanding array of postsecondary opportunities.

But some things haven’t changed. We took closer look at the funding categories in the public schools operating budget in 1993 and 2013. It turns out that the foundation of the budget, General Apportionment, hasn’t kept pace with the rise in inflation or increase in student enrollment since 1993. Staff ratios, the main driver of general apportionment, are the same as they were 20 years ago except for K-12 classified staff, and this ratio actually went down one classified staff per Full Time Enrollment (FTE). Continue reading »

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6
March

When we look at the changes the K-12 system would undergo to fully implement the 24-credit Career- and College-Ready Graduation Requirements, it becomes clear that requiring 3 credits of science is a key change. Other changes remaining to be implemented, such as 2 credits of world language and an additional arts credit, are flexible credits—classes that students may substitute with other classes if they work better for the student’s education and career goals as described in the student’s High School and Beyond Plan.  But the additional credit of science is a core credit, one of the 17 mandatory credits in the Career- and College-Ready framework.

Three credits of science, with 2 laboratory credits, would not only help prepare all students for a full range of post-secondary options, but would also support a technologically prepared workforce in our state. Continue reading »

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22
February

As many of you have read in the news lately, the Washington Policy Center has issued a series of A – F grades using our Achievement Index. For a number of reasons, the State Board opposes this approach. We testified against the bill in the state legislature, and we do not use A – F grades in our current Index framework. Board member Kris Mayer wrote a letter in opposition to this approach; it can be read here.

An Index, comprised mostly of test scores, is very useful as an initial evaluative screen. It helps us understand which schools are struggling, but not necessarily why. You can’t label a school or its staff a “failure” by merely looking at test scores in a spreadsheet. You need to understand something more about the school and why the data tells the story it does. Continue reading »

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1
February

Senior Policy Analyst Linda Drake walks through the flexible options within the State Board of Education’s 24-credit framework for career-and college-ready graduation requirements.

These requirements were approved by the State Board at their November, 2010 meeting, but full implementation of the framework is pending legislative authorization and funding. The State Board of Education will only support moving forward on these requirements when they have been approved and fully funded by the legislature.

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31
January

One of the State Board of Education’s 2013 legislative priorities centers around strengthening the 180-day calendar.

With the loss of state professional development funding, many districts are adjusting their calendars, replacing full-day instruction with partial or half days. The use of half-days for professional development directly supports quality teaching, but comes at the cost of learning time for our students. In this video, Executive Ben Rarick provides an overview of the State Board of Education’s drive to reinstate statewide professional development funding in order to maximize instructional time.

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28
January

Three interesting K-12 funding charts shown at a recent Senate hearing, and prepared by their staff.  I’ve editorialized on the side with dialogue boxes.

2012.01.28 per pupil funding compared to inflationThe first illustrates an important point – just because nominal spending has increased over time (representing the upward trajectory of the bar graphs) does not mean K-12 programs have increased (in fact, the inverse is sometimes true, when the aging workforce makes it expensive just to keep the teaching staff we have)  Basically, this chart shows that while there have been ebbs and flows, state funding has only managed to keep pace with inflation, and not much else.

2013.01.28 history of state fundingAlso, one can start in a year in which K-12 funding is demonstrably inadequate, show increases with inflation over time, and it creates the overall impression of adequacy.   But, if you are starting from a point of inadequacy, whether you’ve kept pace of inflation is essentially irrelevant: the funding is still inadequate.  2013.01.28 school district revenue by sourceIt’s easy to be fooled by charts going up.  The question is: going up against what?

 

-Ben

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18
January

The Global Challenge States, generated from Washington Learns, comprise the top eight states on the Progressive Policy Institute’s New Economy Index [NEI, 2002].  They were identified for the purpose of creating a meaningful comparison group that more closely approximates our state’s socio-economic situation.
blog2You’ll notice that in the first graph, our performance on NAEP substantially exceeds the national average except for 4th grade reading, where WA is still on top but the margin is narrow.

 

blog1

 

This comports somewhat with the results in the 2nd graph, in which our 4th grade reading scores are on an overall downward trend since 2005, even before the transition from WASL to MSP.  I continue to argue that 4th grade literacy scores should be a focus going forward.

Re: NAEP, In each case, our performance lags behind the unweighted average of the Global Challenge States.  For graduation rates, our performance falls below both unweighted averages (NAEP and national), which is somewhat anomalous; it will be interesting to see if that trend continues beyond the first year of the comparable 4 yr cohort data.

-Ben

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16
October

When Washington state ushered in high-stakes tests as a graduation requirement, it also included a set of assessment alternatives.  The most frequently utilized option is the Collection of Evidence, or COE.   The theory was to provide some protection for students who do not ‘test well’ – who possess the level of knowledge necessary to meet academic standard but, for whatever reason, are not able to convey that knowledge effectively in a standardized testing environment.

What are they?  Well, collections of evidence are what they sound like – “work samples based on classroom work prepared by the student with instructional support from a teacher” according to OSPIs official literature.

Collections represent a valuable alternative to students who struggle with standardized tests, but they are also costly.  The legislature currently requires COEs in Reading and in Writing, but only this year have Math COEs been required for graduation.   Because pass rates for the Math are relatively low, it is expected that more students will access the COE as an alternative to graduation.  And since each COE comes with a state price tag of $400, it is likely that the legislature will have to give serious consideration to just how valuable COEs are.  Are they worth the cost?

The chart below shows a projection of increased costs to the state associated with phasing in math and science end-of-course tests as graduation requirements over the next few years.  The truth is, we don’t know what the actual costs will be, and existing estimates are widely diverging.  But everybody agrees on one thing – the costs will go up considerably.  Again, are they worth it?

In trying to answer that question, SBE staff member Linda Drake discovered something noteworthy in the data.   While racial achievement gaps are quite prevalent in the results of the state’s standardized tests scores, they are far less prevalent in the COE results.  The results below are for Reading and Writing.  Note the wide gaps in the top graph (the HSPE) and the clustering of scores in the bottom graph (COE).

And most noteworthy is the results for the Transitional Bilingual students.  In the top graph (HSPE) they are by far the lowest performing subgroup.  Yet, on the bottom graph (COEs), they are right in the middle of the pack.

The results for the bilingual population in Reading should perhaps not surprise us.  Clearly, the language barrier associated with a standardized test would be effectively mitigated by a COE in which tasks are performed collaboratively with an educator.   But the racial gaps are somewhat more mysterious.  Perhaps we could dismiss this data if the N size was extremely low, but its not, as shown in the chart below.  The ‘n’ is consistently over 1,000 students.

Or, perhaps the passage rates for COEs is so high, that the assessment essentially fails to discriminate performance levels enough to reveal the gaps.  But again, no – COE pass rates, as shown in the chart below, range from 60% – 85% in Reading and Writing.  And although gaps still exist, particularly in Writing, they don’t follow the same conventional pattern as those revealed in the traditional

standardized tests.   American Indian students, for example, go from one of the lowest performing subgroups in Writing on the standard HSPE, to one of the highest performing on the COE.   And the overall picture on COEs is a racial mish-mash.  The type of mish-mash we hope for – where your performance does not appear in any way to be influenced by the racial group you belong to.

Whether we could expect similar results for Math and Science COEs, and whether it justified the additional cost for the legislature, remains to be seen.

I look forward to your comments.

 

 

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